In August we posted a report on explorations of the cave complex at Pemonia in Apokoronas and the major caves of Gourgouthas and Liontari. At the same time preparations were being made for another international expedition, to the cave complex of Sternes near Anopolis in the municipality of Sfakia. The two sites are on opposite sides of the Lefka Ori mountain range, which is known locally as the Madares or Madara, from the Cretan word madaros meaning bald or bare of vegetation. The Sternes expedition, the latest in a series carried out since 2017, was organised by the Speleological Association of Crete (SPOK), and a preliminary report from the Association was published on the Haniotika Nea website on 20th November. It is reproduced here, with some of the more technical details omitted for the sake of brevity.
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Exploring the caves of the Madara
The cave complex at Pemonia in Apokoronas has been the subject of intensive exploration in the last few years. Starting in 2022 and 2023, a Greek-only expedition of 40 speleologists from 12 different clubs took part in initial explorations, which were followed by a main expedition in 2024, assembling 35 speleologists from 8 countries.
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